Jhorse is a solar power system supplier and manufacturer that provides various kinds of solar power products.
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Jhorse is a solar power system supplier and manufacturer that provides various kinds of solar power products.
I. First, clarify "What do you want?"—3 typical needs:
1. Cost-saving: Stable grid power, only need peak shaving and valley filling → Grid-connected system (no battery required, lowest investment).
2. Outage-resistant: Occasional grid outages, must maintain Wi-Fi/refrigerator service → Grid-connected + energy storage (hybrid inverter + 10-15 kWh lithium battery).
3. Off-grid: Remote mountainous areas or self-built houses → Pure off-grid, solar panels + large battery + diesel/gasoline backup.
II. Conduct another "check-up" on the house – 7 key indicators
| Indicators | Pass line | Unsatisfactory alternatives |
| Usable roof area | ≥30 m² (5 kW installed) | Ground-mounted brackets/carports |
| Orientation and slope | South ±30°, slope 15-25° | Bifacial modules + height adjustment brackets |
| Obstruction | Annual shade <10% | Micro inverters |
| Structural loads | ≥20 kg/m² (including 2 times safety factor) | Lightweight aluminum alloy brackets + reinforcement |
| Roof lifespan | Remaining lifespan ≥25 years | Replace tiles before installing PV |
| Power grid connection | Nearby 380V power line ≤100 m | Pure off-grid or microgrid |
| Regulatory permits | Non-demolition area, heritage protection area | Abandon or convert to ground-mounted |
III. Final Economic Calculation – 4 Steps to Determine System Specifications
Step 1: Average the 12 months' electricity bills to obtain the "daily average kWh".
Step 2: Calculate the photovoltaic capacity based on the local annual average "effective sunshine hours" H (national average 3-5 hours):
P_pv(kW) = Daily average kWh ÷ H ÷ 0.75 (system efficiency).
Step 3: Decide whether to add batteries
For revenue only: Select "full grid connection" or "surplus electricity grid connection", no batteries required.
For backup: Add lithium batteries based on "nighttime electricity × 2 days", DoD is 0.9.
Step 4: Inverter power
P_inv = 1.25 × maximum simultaneous load (air conditioner + water heater + kitchen peak), 3-8 kW single-phase is sufficient for general use; for villas or three-phase pumps, select 10 kW or higher three-phase inverters.
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